Also known as Cumberland Bone Cave
Where: Allegany County, Maryland (39.6° N, 78.7° W: paleocoordinates 39.6° N, 78.5° W)
• coordinate based on political unit
When: Irvingtonian (1.8 - 0.3 Ma)
• Withnell et al. 2020: combined US-ESR dates, paleomagnetics, and data from the Ondatra chronocline provide independent evidence that the fauna from Cumberland Bone Cave is between 660– 830 ka with a most likely age of 756 +87/-98 ka (Fig. 4).
Environment/lithology: cave; lithology not reported
Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils
Primary reference: J. W. Gidley. 1913. Preliminary report on a recently discovered Pleistocene cave deposit near Cumberland, Maryland. Proceedings of The United States National Museum 46:93-102 [M. Uhen/M. Shalap/M. Shalap]more details
Purpose of describing collection: general faunal/floral analysis
PaleoDB collection 20302: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 18.02.1993, edited by Mark Uhen and Margaret Shalap
Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)
Taxonomic list
unclassified | |
Reptilia | |
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Aves | |
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Otus guildayi n. sp.2
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Reptilia | |
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Heterodon cf. platyrhinos13, Diadophis punctatus13, "Natrix sipedon" = Nerodia sipedon13, Thamnophis sp.13, Lampropeltis triangulum13, Elaphe vulpina13, Opheodrys vernalis13, Coluber constrictor13, Carphophis amoenus13
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Mammalia | |
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Eptesicus cf. fuscus1, Vespertilio grandis, Vespertilio sp., "Corynorhinus alleganiensis n. sp." = Plecotus alleganiensis7, "Plecotus alleganiensis" = Plecotus alleganiensis8, Myotis sp.12, Myotis cf. grisescens12, Pipistrellus sp.11
Vespertilio grandis vesper bat
Vespertilio sp. Linnaeus 1758 vesper bat | |
Lepus sp. Linnaeus 1758 hare
Lepus ? americanus Erxleben 1777 snowshoe hare | |
Ochotona cf. princeps Richardson 1828 American pika | |
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Neotoma sp., "Parahodomys spelaeus n. gen. n. sp." = Neotoma spelaea7, "Neotoma spelaea" = Neotoma spelaea8, "Neotoma magister" = Neotoma floridana8, Neofiber sp.9, "Clethrionomys sp." = Myodes11, Clethrionomys cf. gapperi9, Microtus sp., Pitymys cumberlandensis16, "Allophaiomys guildayi" = Microtus guildayi16, "Microtus cf. involutus" = Microtus guildayi7, Microtus cf. chrotorrhinus, Phenacomys sp.9, Lasiopodomys deceitensis19, Ondatra annectens9, Peromyscus cumberlandensis9, Peromyscus cf. leucopus11, Atopomys texensis1, "Synaptomys (Myctomys) cf. borealis" = Synaptomys (Mictomys) borealis, "Mictomys borealis" = Synaptomys (Mictomys) borealis3, Synaptomys sp., Synaptomys cooperi8
Neotoma sp. Say and Ord 1825 pack rat
Clethrionomys cf. gapperi9 Vigors 1830 southern red-backed vole omitted by Repenning 1992 but repeated by Guilday 1979
Microtus sp. Schrank 1798 vole
Microtus cf. chrotorrhinus Miller 1894 rock vole
"Synaptomys (Myctomys) cf. borealis" = Synaptomys (Mictomys) borealis Richardson 1828 northern bog lemming
Synaptomys sp. Baird 1858 mouse
Synaptomys cooperi8 Baird 1858 southern bog lemming confirmed by Repenning 1992; not clear what "S. borealis" and "Dicrostonyx hudsonius" of Guilday are
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Sciuropterus cf. alpinus, Glaucomys sp.7, Glaucomys volans9, "Sciurus hudsonicus" = Tamiasciurus hudsonicus, "Tamiasciurus hudsonicus" = Tamiasciurus hudsonicus8, "Sciurus tenuidens" = Tamiasciurus hudsonicus7, Marmota monax9, "Citellus cf. tridecemlineatus" = Spermophilus7, Spermophilus tridecemlineatus9, Tamias striatus9, Petauristodon sp.
Sciuropterus cf. alpinus squirrel
"Sciurus hudsonicus" = Tamiasciurus hudsonicus Erxleben 1777 American red squirrel
Petauristodon sp. Engesser 1979 squirrel | |
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"Thomomys potomacensis" = Thomomys potomacensis9, "Plesiothomomys potomacensis n. gen. n. sp." = Thomomys potomacensis7
"Plesiothomomys potomacensis n. gen. n. sp." = Thomomys potomacensis7 Gidley and Gazin 1933 pocket gopher | |
Erethizon sp. Cuvier 1822 North American porcupine | |
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"Tapirus cf. haysii" = Tapirus (Helicotapirus) haysii Leidy 1860 tapir | |
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Tayassuidae indet., Platygonus sp., "Platygonus vetus" = Platygonus vetus17, "Platygonus cumberlandensis n. sp." = Platygonus vetus5, "Platygonus intermedius n. sp." = Platygonus vetus5, Mylohyus sp., "Mylohyus fossilis" = Mylohyus fossilis1, "Mylohyus pennsylvanicus" = Mylohyus fossilis17, "Mylohyus exortivus n. sp." = Mylohyus fossilis5
Tayassuidae indet. Palmer 1897 peccary
Platygonus sp. Leconte 1848 peccary
Mylohyus sp. Cope 1869 peccary | |
Suidae indet. Gray 1821 pig | |
Canis sp., "Canis cf. priscolatrans" = Canis rufus7, Canis latrans18, Canis armbrusteri n. sp.8, Canis armbrusteri n. sp., Vulpes sp.
Canis sp. Linnaeus 1758 canine
Canis armbrusteri n. sp. Gidley 1913 canine
Vulpes sp. Frisch 1775 fox | |
"Mustela cf. vison" = Neogale vison8, Taxidea taxus9, "Taxidea marylandica" = Taxidea taxus marylandica17, "Taxidea marylandica n. sp." = Taxidea taxus marylandica7, "Martes diluviana" = Pekania diluviana8, "Martes parapennanti n. sp." = Pekania diluviana7, "Gulo gulo" = Gulo gulo1, "Gulo gidleyi" = Gulo gulo17, Lontra canadensis8
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"Spilogale putorius" = Spilogale putorius9, "Spilogale marylandensis" = Spilogale putorius17, "Spilogale marylandensis n. sp." = Spilogale putorius7, Brachyprotoma obtusata1, Mephitis mephitis9
"Spilogale putorius" = Spilogale putorius9 Linnaeus 1758 eastern spotted skunk includes type of "S. marylandensis" of Gidley and Gazin 1933
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"Ursus (Euarctos) cf. americanus" = Ursus americanus, "Ursus americanus" = Ursus americanus6, "Ursus americanus" = Ursus americanus1, "Euarctos vitabilis" = Ursus americanus7, Tremarctos floridanus9, "Arctodus pristinus" = Arctodus pristinus9, "Arctodus haplodon" = Arctodus pristinus17
"Ursus (Euarctos) cf. americanus" = Ursus americanus Pallas 1780 black bear | |
"Panthera augusta" = Panthera onca9, "Panthera atrox" = Panthera leo atrox9, "Felis aff. atrox" = Panthera leo atrox7, "Felis cf. inexpectata" = Miracinonyx inexpectatus7, "Miracinonyx inexpectatus" = Miracinonyx inexpectatus1, "Smilodon californicus" = Smilodon fatalis9
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Blarina carolinensis14 Bachman 1837 southern short-tailed shrew contra Graham and Semken 1976, "B. kirtlandi" is not present
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Amphibia | |
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"Ambystoma maculatum" = Amblystoma maculatum13, Ambystoma opacum13, Ambystoma tigrinum13, Notophthalmus cf. viridescens13, Plethodon gultinosus13, Gyrinophilus cf. porphyriticus13, Cryptobranchus guildayi n. sp.13
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